Process of manufacturing closures for receptacles.



L. R. N. CARVALHO.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING CLOSURES FOR RECEPTACLES.

APPLICATION FILED AUG-29. l9l3.

1,274,138. Patented July 30, 1918.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LESLIE R. N. CARVALHO, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOR, BY DIRECT AND MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO PARAGON METAL CAP COMPANY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A

CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PROCESS OF MANUFACTURING CLOSURES FOR REOEPTACLES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented July 30, 1918.

Application filed August 29, 1913. Serial No. 787,311.

ducing rigidly formed closures whereby such closures may be built up from a plurality of separately formed sheet-metal pieces, to the end that the manufacturer of the closures may be materially cheapened and at the same time result in an attractive and efficient article.

A further object is to rovide a new and improved process of the c aracter described, such that metallic caps may be formed from sheet metal with a minimum waste of material and whereby previously coated or decorated sheet met-al'may be formed into closures without injury or removal of such coating or decoration.

.-\ further ob ect of the invention is to provide a process such that the means to be employed for the attachment of the closure to the receptacle is formed on said closure sinmltaneously with the fastening together of the pieces of sheet metal which go to make u said closure.

A sti 1 further object of the invention is to provide a process of producing the closure whereby the steps thereof are so arranged and related that a cylindrical portion and a separate cap member may be connected together in such a manner that a wedging action is always present between said parts to retain said parts in rigid relation to each other.

Referring to the drawings wherein are illustrated the various steps entering into" shown partly coated with a lacquer or the like and illustrating in dotted lines the shape of pieces to be cut therefrom.

Fig. 2 is a transverse sectional view through the sheet of material shown in Fig. 1 for positively illustrating the lacquer or other coating upon one of its surfaces, it being understood, of course, that the coatmg may be applied also to the other surface, if desired.

Fig. 3 illustrates the small rectangular piece of metal from which the cylindrical portion of the closure is to be formed, this piece of metal being presumably one of those outlined by dots in Fig. 1 and being shown on an enlarged scale.

Fig. l is a perspective view for illustratiing several of the .steps of the process through which the blank shown in Fig. 3 progresses in the formation of the cylindrical or flange portion of the closure, these steps being shown in connection With a mandrel or horn upon which the steps are applied.

Fig. 5 illustrates an end view of the cylinder formed as shown in Fig. 4, this view clearly illustrating the type of joint employed for connecting the juxtaposed edges of the blank.

Fig. 6 illustrates a perspective view of a cylinder after having passed through the steps indicated in Fig. 4.

' Fig. 7 illustrates a perspective view of the disk portion of the closure;

Fig. 8 illustrates a transverse sectional view of the cylindrical ortion of the closure for more positive y indicating the shape of said part as shown in Fig. 6, and this view also indicating a further step of introducing the disk, shown in Fig. 7 into the cylinder;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8, but indicating the cylinder and disk applied upon a mandrel or horn and being held thereto for maintaining the disk closed against the inner surface of the flange of the cylinder, this view also illustrating the means for in pressing the threads into the cylinder and for impressing the longitudinal reinforcing ribs which also lock the disk rigidly within the cylinder;

Fig. 10 isv a transverse sectional view of the completed closure as the same would be expelled from the mandrel or horn, shown in Fig. 9, the view being considerably enlarged for more clearly illustrating the manner in which the ends of the longitudinal reinforcing ribs formed in the step indicated in Fig. 9 engage against the flange portion of the disk for wedging the disk against the flange of the cylinder, and for corrugating the flange portion of the disk to more effectively cooperate with the ends of the reinforcing ribs to lock the disk in position and to retain the disk against any possible relative rotary movement within the cylinder; and

Fig. 11 is a perspective view of a.com pleted closure.

Referring to the drawings for a more detailed description of the process illustrated and of the mechanism employed in carrying these steps to completion, the reference character L indicates the sheet of material from which the parts of'the structure are to be formed. This may be a sheet of ordinary tin, and owing to the fact, as Will be presently apparent, that little or no drawing of the metal is required in the formation of the closure, the material may be of a decidedly lighter and cheaper weight than has been heretofore employed. This material may be polished or may be provided with lacquer or any similar paint or coating 1 upon one or both of its surfaces, as desired, the lacquer or the like being applied while the sheet'presents a large and convenient surface for receiving the same.

From this sheet of prepared material the parts may be cut, as indicated by dotted lines at 2 and 3.

The parts 2 are rectangular in shape and, after being cut from the sheet L are coped away at opposite corners, as at 4, to form -the blank G from which the cylinder or flange portion of the closure is formed, as shown in Fig. 3.

The blank G is to be bent upon itself into eylindrical form and seamed together by its opposite ends. To accomplish this I preferably provide a mandrel or horn 5 upon which the various steps of this part of the process may take place, suitable means, of course, being employed for engaging por tions of the blank to effect the different steps.

The mandrel 5 is of a diameter equal to the inner diameter desired for the cylinder, and it is provided with a longitudinally exending groove (3 within which the proortion formed by the seam may extend after made. firs step. as indithe extreme left. of T 2,. 4, is the blank G about ..:3 manfolding down the portions 7 to complete the seam as shown at 8. The shape of the seam is best seen in Fig. 5.

The cylinder is now ready to be operated upon for forming the inturned flange at its end, as indicated at 9 in Fig.6 and elsewhere.

During the successive steps of the operation of forming the cylinder, the cylinder is preferably advanced along the length of the mandrel, as illustrated in Fig. 4, but these steps may obviously be impressed while the blank stands at one position upon the mandrel, if desired. lVhen the-seam is complete and the cylinder ready to receive the flange 9, it is required that the cylinder be then at a position, as at V in Fig. 4, so that the portion from which the flange is to be formed shall project beyond the end of the mandrel.

As illustrated in Fig. 4, the mandrel is formed with an annular groove 10-near its right hand end and a pair of gates 11 is provided having semi-circular pockets 12 formed therein for permitting the movement of the gates to a position Within the groove 10, as shown by the dotted lines. The gates 11 are adapted, when in position engaging in the groove 10, to form a positive barrier against which the left hand end of the cylinder may engage when the cylinder is in position with its right hand end projecting the desired amount beyond the end of the mandrel. The gates are preferably arranged to open, as illustrated in full lines, for permitting movement of the cylinder therebetween toward the end of the mandrel and the gates are then closed behind the cylinder, after which a plunger die 13 is forced against the projecting annular edge of the cylinder to turn in said annular portion. of the cylinder.

The die is provided with an inclined annular surface 14 for engaging with the outer edge of cylinder and, as the die is pressed toward the end of the mandrel this inclined portion 14 will cause the entire projecting portion of the cylinder to be bent inwardly to form the flange 9.

it will be understood that the coped out portions 4, as illustrated in 3, are intended to provide an unseamed portion at the end of the cylinder so that when the flange is inturned there will be no seam in the flange. This of course, will result in a smooth flange of uniform thickness.

In Fig. the dotted lines 15 indicate the lin s upon which the ends of the blank are i the dotted line ."ui'ch the end of e line up. bent 'to ting tn the same, or a similar, sheet'of lacquered metal L, as illustrated by the dotted lines at. 3 in Fig. 1. When out from the sheet L the disk is of a slightly larger diameter than the internal diameter of the cylinder, but before inserting it Within the cylinder, it is subjected to a simple pressing operation to bend or flange down the marginal portion of the disk to form a diagonally projecting resilient flange 17 of just suflicient diameter to fit snugly between the Walls of the cylinder, as shown in Fig. 8.

The next step in the process is to introduce a horn 18 into the cylinder to hold the disk against the flange 9 of the cylinder. The horn is cylindrical and is formed with threads 19 and depressions 20 so as to comprise a female die for cooperating with a male die 21.

The next step of the process is to bring the die 21 against the outersurface of the cylinder and to rotate the horn 18 and die 21 while the die 21 is pressing against the cylinder, so as to press the material of the cylinder into the shapes determined by the dies, namely to form thethreads and the reinforcing ribs or' finger-grip parts. The depressions 20 on the horn, and the projecting portions 22 on the die 21 for forming the reinforcing ribs or corrugations 24 are so disposed relatively to the end of the horn, and consequently to the flange 17 of the disk H, that when these parts of the dies are forced towardeach other, they not only press in portions of the cylinder but they also spring in the flange 17, as clearly seen at 23 in Fig. 10.

The next and final step of the process is to withdraw the horn 18 from within the cylinder. This may be accomplished by actually moving the horn from Within the cylinder or by moving the cylinder from its position about the horn. In the latter instance the head 25 may be removed and plunger 26, extending through the horn, be employed for thrusting the finished article ofi of the horn.

The portions 23 of the resilient diagonal flange 17, engaging against the relatively inclined surface portions formed at the ends of the corrugations 24 of the walls of the cylinder at a sharp angle due to the inclina tion of the flange, constantly exert a considerable pressure against said inclined surfaces tending to wedge or cam the cover into tight contact with the inner surface of the flange 9 of the cylinder in the finished article. By this means the raw edge of the flange 9 is protected from exposure to the contents of the bottle, while the raw edge of the flange 17 is partially covered and concealed.

The die 21 is preferably a rotary die so at no dragging or rubbing action will take place upon the surface of the cylinder. The

operation of forming the threads and the corrugations or reinforcing ribs 24 is effected by a simple pressing operation and is almost entirely free from any drawing or rubbing of the metal, such as would deface or mutilate the surface coating upon the metal. This is as true of the interior as of the exterior of the cylinder. In the event. of a coating being applied to both sides of the blank employed, one side being for ornamentation and the other side. being for sanitary purposes, the interior or sanitary coating will not be injured.

Attention may be also directed to the fact that in. case it is desired to apply a special ornamentation to the disk portion of the closure, this may be done Without mutilation or defacement, not only in the steps of the process described, but'in any ordinary handling to Which the finished article may be subjected, for the reason that the projection of the flange 9 beyond the surface of the disk will serve to relatively inset said surface and thereby protect such ornamentation against defacement by contact with foreign objects. This advantage is particularly noticeable by reason of the relatively small diameter of the closure.

It will be understood that various changes may be resorted to in the manner of carrying out the several steps of the process, in the nature of the mechanism employed in carrying out the steps, and in the material and structure of the finished article, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention; and hence I do not intend to be limited to the specific details herein shown and described except as they may be set forth in the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is':

1. The process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a sheet of metal, coating said metal with a suitable lacquer, separating a portion of said metal from said sheet to fo1'zn,:1 blank, forming said blank into a cylinder, bending the material of said cylinder at one end thereof inwardly to form a flange, inserting a cover member within said cylinder to engage said flange, and then pressing inwardly the material 0 said cylinder between said cover member and the opposite end of the cylinder so as to retain sa 1d cover member fixed between said flange and the inwardly pressed portions of the cylinder.

2. The process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a suitable blank of metal, forming said blank into cylinder, forming an inwardly projecting flange at one end of said cylinder, inserting cover member Within said cylinder into engagement with said flange. and then press ing inwardly portions of the material of eEL said cylinder to simultaneously lock the cover member against said flange and form threads adjacent the open end of the cylinder.

3. The process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a sheet of metal, cutting a rectangular blank from said sheet of metal, forming said blank into a cylinder, turning in one end of said cylinder to form a flange at the end of said cylinder, providing a disk-shaped blank, turning down a marginal portion of said disk-shaped blank to form a cover part having a resilient annular flange, inserting said'cover part into said cylinder to engage the flange of said cylinder so that the flange of the cover part projects away from the flange of thecylinder, and subsequently pressing in portions of the material of the cylinder to engage the flange of the cover part to lock the cover part against the flange of the cylinder.

l. The process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a sheet of metal, cutting a rectangular blank from said sheet of metal, forming said blank into a cylinder, turning in one end of said cylinder to form a flange at the end of said cylinder, providing a disk-shaped blank, turning down a marginal portion of said d skshaped blank to form a cover part having a resilient annular flange, insert-h1g1 said cover part into said cylinder to engage the flange of said cylinder so that the flange of the cover part projects away from the flange of the cylinder, and subsequently pressing in portions of the material of the cylinder spaced from the flange of the cylinder to form a relatively inclined surface interiorly of the cylinder engaging the resilient edge portion or" the flange of the cover part to spring said edge portion of the flange of the cover part inwardly and thereby produce a constant force wedging the cover part against the flange of the cylinder.

5. The process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a cylinder, turning in one end or the cylinder to form a flange at said end of the cylinder, inserting a flanged cover part Within said cylinder to engage the flange of the cylinder, and then pressing the material of the cylinder to simultaneously form said material into longitudinally extending reinforcing ribs and annually extending threads, the longitudinally extending ribs providing relatively 4 inclined surface portions interiorly of the cylinder at their ends engaging the annular edge oi: the flan e of the cover part to spring said inwardly and thereby produce constant force W-Etlglllg the cover part t lie flange of the cylinder. lie process of producing a recs closure, which consists in prov. log a of metal, coating said metal with a /ares cover member and the opposite end of the cylinder so as to form inwardly-projecting parts engaging the cover member to force the cover member against the flange of the cylinder.

7. The process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a sheet of metal, coating one surface of said sheetof metal, cutting a rectangular blank from said coated sheet of metal, providing a man drcl, bending said blank about said mandrel. seaming together the ends of said blank to form cylinder about said mandrel, moving said cylinder along said mandrel so that a portion of one end of said cylinder projects beyond the end of said mandrel, providing a barrier to prevent re turn movement of the cylinder al 1igtlie mandrel, striking in the annular edge of the projecting portion of the cylinder to form an inturned flange at the end of the cylinder, removing the cylinder from themandrel, inserting a flanged cover part into the cylinder with its flange projecting away from the flange of the cylinder and engaging the walls of the cylinder, and subsequently pressing in portions of said cylinder and portions of the flange of said cover part to lock said cover part against the flange of the cylinder.

8. The process of producing a flanged cylinder, which consists in providing a suitable blank, providing a suitable mandrel, bending said blank about said mandrel, seaming together the ends of said blank to form a cylinder about said mandrel, moving said cylinder along said mandrel so that a portion of one end of said cylinder projects beyond the end of said mandrel, providing a barrier to prevent return movement of the cylinder along the mandrel, and then simultaneously bending the whole annular projecting portion of said cylinder over the end of said mandrel.

9. The herein described process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a cylinder of sheet-metal, forming a flange at one end or" said cylinder, positioning a cover member into engagement with said flange, and then in a single operation coking together portions of said and cover member and forming earls upon said cylinder,

e herein described process of proptacle closure, which consists in providing a cylinder of sheet metal, forming a flange at one end of said cylinder to partially close said end, inserting a cover member into said cylinder from the opposite end thereof and moving said cover member into engagement with said flange, and subsequently applying pressure to change the shape of portions of said cylinder to provide parts interlocking with said cover member.

11. The herein described process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a cylinder of sheet metal, forming a flange at one end of said cylinder to partially close said end, inserting a cover member into said cylinder from the opposite end thereof and moving said cover member into engagement with said flange, and sub sequent-1y applying pressure to form stifi'ening ribs upon the cylinder disposed to serve as means for locking the cover member against the flange.

12. The herein-described process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a cylinder of suitable material, bringing a cover member into engagement with one end portion of said cylinder, and. then operating upon said cylinder and cover member to perform the double functions of locking the cover member to the cylinder and forming portions of the cylinder with parts to retain the completed cover upon a receptacle.

13. The process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a cylinder, turning in one end of the cylinder to form a flange on said endiof the cylinder,

inserting a flanged cover part within said cylinder to engage the flange of the cylinder, and then pressing the material of the cylinder to form longitudinally extending ribs in the cylinder, having relatively inclined surface portions at their ends engaging the flange of the cover part and Wedging the cover part against the flange of the cylinder.

1 The process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists'in providing a cylinder having an inturned flange at one end, inserting a cover member within the cyllnder to engage the flange of the cylinder, and then pressing inwardly a portion of the ma-. terial of the cylinder between said cover member and the opposite end of the cylinder so as to form inwardly projectin parts engaging the cover member and orcing the cover member against the flange of the cylinder.

15. The herein described process of producing a multi-part lacquered rece tacle closure, which consists in providing a lank of suitable material, applying a coat 0f lacquer to one surface of said blank, bending said lacquered blank to form a cylinder, positioning a cover art in engagement w th one end of the cy inder, and then pressmg upon the lacquered cylindrical surface of the cylinder to bend the material of the cylinder and thereby provide portions to retain the cover part within the cylinder.

16. The herein described process of producing a flanged cylinder, which consists in providing a suitable blank, bending said blank about a suitable mandrel so that porreceptacle closure, which consists in coating both of the surfaces of a piece of sheet metal with lacquer or the like, cutting a suitably shaped blank from said lacquered sheet-metal, bending said blank into cylindrical form, joining the meeting edges of said blank together by a seam which covers and conceals the exposed raw edges of the sheet-metal formed in cutting the blank from the sheet whereby to provide a body part for the closure which is lacquered uponboth its inner and outer surfaces throughout, the lacquer being carried into the seam to protect the parts thereof against likelihood of corrosion, then cutting a second suitably shaped blank from said lacquered sheet-metal to constitute a top part for the closure, positioning said top part adjacent one end of said body part to close said end, and then operating upon said body part and lpon said top part to lock said top part within said body part.

' 18. The herein-described process of producingya multi-part lacquered sheet-metal receptacle closure, which consists in coating both of the surfaces of a piece of sheet metal with lacquer or the like, cutting a suitably shaped blank from said lacquered sheet metal, bending said blank into cylindrical form, joining the meeting edges of said blank together by a seam which covers and conceals the exposed raw edges of the sheet metal formed in cutting the, blank from the sheet whereby to provide a body part for the closure which is lacqueredupon both its inner and outer surfaces throughout, the lacquer being carried into the seam to protect the parts thereof against likelihood of corrosion, then cutting a second suitably shaped blank from said lacquered sheet metal to constitute a top part for the closure, positioning said top part in engage ment with one end of said body part to close said end, and then providing means at said end of the body part to cover and conceal the exposed raw edge of the metal at said end formed in cutting at least one of said parts from said lacquered sheet.

19. The herein-described process of making a receptacle closure, which consists in bending a strip of sheet-metal into cylindrical form, bending the meeting edges of said strip to form an interfolded seam in which the edge surfaces of said meeting edges are covered and concealed, positioning a cover part within the upper end of the cylinder, operating upon said cylinder and cover part to lock said cover part within said cylinder, and then pressing upon said sheet-metal to form two sets of corrugations therein, one set being disposed adjacent the lower end of the cylinder and extending 'circumfierentially thereof, said set of corrugations constituting a continuous thread extending across and indenting the interfolded parts of the seam to reinforce said seam, and the second set of corrugations extending longitudinally of the cylinder from said first set toward the upper end of the cylinder.

20. The herein-described process of making a receptacle closure, which consists in bending a strip of sheet-metal into cylindrical form, bending the meeting edges of said strip to form an interfolded seam, arranging a cover part at one end of the cylinder, and then forming threads upon the cylinder which serve to lock the interfolding portions of the'seam against relative longitudinal movement. 7

21. The process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a blank of sheet-metal, forming said blank into a cylinder, providing a second blank of sheetmetal circular in form, positioning the second blank Within the cylinder adjacent one end thereof, bending the adjacent portion of the cylinder into engagement with the periphery of the second blank for securing the parts together, and providing the said cylinder with a screw-thread'for engagement with a receptacle, said thread also serving to lock the meeting portions of the seam against relative longitudinal movement.

22. The process of producing a receptacle closure, which consists in providing a blank of sheet-metal having an anti-corrosion coating, bending said blank into cylindrical form, joining the meeting edges of said blank by a seam which covers and conceals the said edges, providing a second blank of sheet-metal circular in form, said blank also having an anti-corrosion coating, positioning the second blank within the cylinder adjacent one end thereof, bending the adjacent portion of the cylinder into engagement with the periphery of the second blank for securing the parts together, and providing the said cylinder with a screw-thread for engagement with a receptacle, said thread also serving to lock the meeting portions of the seam against relative longitudinal movement.-

' In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

LESLIE R. N. CARVALHO.

Witnesses:

L. Gnssronn HANDY, ELsm WEISS. 

